This report presents the results of an explanatory investigation into the factors influencing road safety on the 'main street' of country towns and how road safety may be improved. The objectives of the research were to develop a simple process of analysis and generating options for country towns, to test alternative techniques of data collection and analysis and to add to knowledge about pedestrian and vehicle conflict in country towns. The approach adopted was to explain ixconflict" in its wider context and to derive a conceptual framework for the research study (Part 1), to test the framework with data drawn from two case studies (Part 2), and, based on the general findings arising from those case studies, to formulate preliminary guidelines for data collection, for analysis and interpretation, and for the generation and evaluation of options (Part 3).