The present project has been carried out within the framework of the subject "Competitive procurement in the transport sector". Owing to the increase in the costs of infrastructure maintenance on roads and railways in recent years, there is greater interest in developing new forms of contract. The intention of the ongoing process concerning competitive and performance oriented procurement is to create the conditions for more effective infrastructure maintenance activity. The problem in performance oriented procurement is to define relevant performance requirements which are clearly linked to the effects for the final users. This requires the performance variables to be measured and evaluated with respect to both the division of responsibility between contractor and client and also the perspective of the travelling public. In the project, a study is made of the possibility of using planning models such as the World Bank HDM-4 or other operationally available models/tools in the road sector (e.g. the Swedish Road Administration's PMS) in pricing measurable "final results" in conjunction with performance oriented procurement. One conclusion which is generally valid for both HDM-4 and PMS is that the traffic effect models must be complemented before they can be fully used for the purpose of pricing measurable "final results" in contracts based on performance oriented tendering. On the rail side, there is no counterpart to HDM-4 or PMS. The performance variables identified during performance oriented procurements for rail infrastructure maintenance are train delays, track bed condition (via Q and K indices), defect reports and inspection comments. These performance variables can be measured, monitored and evaluated in economic terms in the relationship between client/contractor and, to some extent, also in relation to the final customer, i.e. the travelling public. There is however no model available which gives an overall description of the effects of these performance variables and the economic consequences which these, in turn, have for Banverket and/or society at large. Even though a lot is known with regard to performance oriented procurement of infrastructure maintenance, several issues remain to be solved in both the road and rail sectors. It is therefore essential that continuity for further research should be created in this field.