Winter traffic characteristics are very different from summer traffic characteristics. Because winter continues for half a year approximately in low temperature in Harbin, based on winter traffic characteristics, some special policies and strategies can be constituted and conducted to reduce energy consumption and traffic congestion. The purpose to prompt traffic efficiency can be achieved with analyzing traffic characteristics deeply and making the comparison of traffic in winter and in summer. Traffic investigation, which involved road traffic volume survey, public transportation survey and residents or vehicles OD survey, should be taken in different seasons during certain period in a year. There are several aspects that are selected according to the city and its traffic characteristics to be discussed in this monograph, such as road capacity, traffic type, vehicle operating speed, public transportation style, etc. Urban area is emphasized instead of rural area, and the corresponding traffic surveys were conducted in urban district. These winter traffic characteristics are illustrated and compared with figures and charts. At the end of the thesis, the conclusion that improves winter traffic situation is educed. Public transportation is very important in both summer and winter. And some policies and strategies are put forward for traffic improvement in Harbin.