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The development of sanding materials to reduce street dust Valtonen, Jarkko ; Mustonen, Jari ; Paavilainen, Timo

By: Contributor(s): Language: English Language: French Series: ; topic IV-20Publication details: XIth international winter road congress 2002. Sapporo [Japan] / XIe congres international de la viabilite hivernale 2002, Sapporo [Japon]. Paper, 2002Description: 4 sSubject(s): Bibl.nr: VTI 2002.0071Location: Abstract: The objective of this study was to develop a quality classification for the aggregates of sanding guiding the choice of materials in such a way that both the amount and hazard of dust would be reduced. Eight different stone aggregates were chosen for the dust formation comparison all of which have been used to manufacture crushed sanding aggregates for the cities participating in the study. The tests were performed in the above mentioned manner. Total dust quantities measured from the dust collection filters were quite close to each other. The share of quartz of the total dust quantity was directly proportional to the mineral composition of the stone aggregates. However, quartz does not appear in total dust in the same proportion as it appears in stone aggregate. For example, the Koskenkylae stone used by the City of Helsinki contains 40 per cent quartz, but total dust contains only 7.5 per cent of it. This is due to the fact that quartz is a hard mineral and does not tend to become ground into a dust grade. Based on the results the people taking care of street maintenance have quite limited opportunities for reducing the total dust amount generated by sanding. Instead, the hazard of dust is smaller when stone aggregates with small quartz concentrations are chosen for sanding. Of course, they may not contain silicate fibres to be classified as asbestos or even asbestos itself. Dark-coloured stone aggregates should thus be chosen for sanding. Grains with natural surface are not pulverised easily. However, they do not attach properly to their base and, as a result, do not generate friction in the best possible way. That is why the use of crushed aggregates is recommended. However, crushed aggregates do not often grip well enough, especially on the driveway.
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The objective of this study was to develop a quality classification for the aggregates of sanding guiding the choice of materials in such a way that both the amount and hazard of dust would be reduced. Eight different stone aggregates were chosen for the dust formation comparison all of which have been used to manufacture crushed sanding aggregates for the cities participating in the study. The tests were performed in the above mentioned manner. Total dust quantities measured from the dust collection filters were quite close to each other. The share of quartz of the total dust quantity was directly proportional to the mineral composition of the stone aggregates. However, quartz does not appear in total dust in the same proportion as it appears in stone aggregate. For example, the Koskenkylae stone used by the City of Helsinki contains 40 per cent quartz, but total dust contains only 7.5 per cent of it. This is due to the fact that quartz is a hard mineral and does not tend to become ground into a dust grade. Based on the results the people taking care of street maintenance have quite limited opportunities for reducing the total dust amount generated by sanding. Instead, the hazard of dust is smaller when stone aggregates with small quartz concentrations are chosen for sanding. Of course, they may not contain silicate fibres to be classified as asbestos or even asbestos itself. Dark-coloured stone aggregates should thus be chosen for sanding. Grains with natural surface are not pulverised easily. However, they do not attach properly to their base and, as a result, do not generate friction in the best possible way. That is why the use of crushed aggregates is recommended. However, crushed aggregates do not often grip well enough, especially on the driveway.