Development of a new sanding method based on a mix of sand and hot water, and implementation and consequences for the organization of gritting operations Vaa, Torgeir ; Dahl, Torgrim
Language: English Language: French Series: ; topicVI-111Publication details: XIth international winter road congress 2002, Sapporo [Japan] / XIe congres international de la viabilite hivernale 2002, Sapporo [Japon]. Paper, 2002Description: 12 sSubject(s): Bibl.nr: VTI 2002.0071Location: Abstract: Recognizing that there is a need for increased knowledge of all types of friction measures, the Norwegian Public Roads Administration started a research program in 1997 with focus on winter management. The Winter Friction Project deals with practical, technical and economical problems arising in providing good friction conditions on winter roads. The final report is scheduled for 2002. One of the main activities throughout the whole project period is to carry out a testing program (scientific studies) to document performance of different friction improvement methods. The goal is to come up with a recommendation what the best method under different conditions is. Aside from studying different salting methods, the project has dealt with different ways of applying abrasives. Both traditional and new sanding methods have been tested: (1) traditional methods: dry sand and sand with salt; and (2) new methods: heated sand and warm wetted sand. The two new methods which were presented at the Xth PIARC International Winter Road Congress in Luleaa in 1998 are principally different both in functionality of the truck and the method used for heating the materials. Heated sand means that the materials (crushed stone) are heated up to 180 degrees Celsius. The warm wetted sand method is based on adding hot water to the sand. In particular, the method using a mix of hot water and sand produced promising results in the first winter test. Scientific studies conducted as part of the Winter Friction Project in Norway has revealed that measures carried out with the new method last considerably longer than traditional sanding methods. Under favourable road and weather conditions, satisfactory friction values have been found to be maintained for up to one week on roads with AADT 1,500-2,000 with the new method. During the 1999/2000 winter season two new Norwegian prototypes were constructed on the basis of the experiences from the first winter test with a Swedish prototype. During the 2000/2001 winter season there was further development and refinement of the spreader and the heater system. Norwegian trucks have shown a very good performance both with a roller distributor and with a spinner. The warm wetted sand method is recommended for use on a larger scale for daily gritting operations as an alternative to traditional sanding methods. In Norway, 88 percent of public roads, i.e. 47,300 km, are operated using the so-called white winter road strategy. Large quantities of sand are spread to improve friction on ice and snow. The limitations of this method are well known: The friction improvement is modest, and the effect of gritting is rapidly reduced by the traffic. For both practical and economic reasons it is not always possible to comply with the required standards. The introduction of wet gritting means substantial improvement, both in regard to friction and in time of effect. The new method is expected to have a marked impact on winter road operations.| Current library | Status | |
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| Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut | Available |
Recognizing that there is a need for increased knowledge of all types of friction measures, the Norwegian Public Roads Administration started a research program in 1997 with focus on winter management. The Winter Friction Project deals with practical, technical and economical problems arising in providing good friction conditions on winter roads. The final report is scheduled for 2002. One of the main activities throughout the whole project period is to carry out a testing program (scientific studies) to document performance of different friction improvement methods. The goal is to come up with a recommendation what the best method under different conditions is. Aside from studying different salting methods, the project has dealt with different ways of applying abrasives. Both traditional and new sanding methods have been tested: (1) traditional methods: dry sand and sand with salt; and (2) new methods: heated sand and warm wetted sand. The two new methods which were presented at the Xth PIARC International Winter Road Congress in Luleaa in 1998 are principally different both in functionality of the truck and the method used for heating the materials. Heated sand means that the materials (crushed stone) are heated up to 180 degrees Celsius. The warm wetted sand method is based on adding hot water to the sand. In particular, the method using a mix of hot water and sand produced promising results in the first winter test. Scientific studies conducted as part of the Winter Friction Project in Norway has revealed that measures carried out with the new method last considerably longer than traditional sanding methods. Under favourable road and weather conditions, satisfactory friction values have been found to be maintained for up to one week on roads with AADT 1,500-2,000 with the new method. During the 1999/2000 winter season two new Norwegian prototypes were constructed on the basis of the experiences from the first winter test with a Swedish prototype. During the 2000/2001 winter season there was further development and refinement of the spreader and the heater system. Norwegian trucks have shown a very good performance both with a roller distributor and with a spinner. The warm wetted sand method is recommended for use on a larger scale for daily gritting operations as an alternative to traditional sanding methods. In Norway, 88 percent of public roads, i.e. 47,300 km, are operated using the so-called white winter road strategy. Large quantities of sand are spread to improve friction on ice and snow. The limitations of this method are well known: The friction improvement is modest, and the effect of gritting is rapidly reduced by the traffic. For both practical and economic reasons it is not always possible to comply with the required standards. The introduction of wet gritting means substantial improvement, both in regard to friction and in time of effect. The new method is expected to have a marked impact on winter road operations.