The technology for developing anti-icing pavements has been developed in Japan since it was introduced from abroad in the 1970s and 1980s. The pavements have contributed widely to the management of road surface in winter, and have so far prevailed with coverage of about five million square meters. Since the anti-icing pavements can control both the icing of road surface and the freezing of packed snow, they are expected to ensure the safety of road traffic in winter and to increase the efficiency of snow removal. The anti-icing pavements used in Japan are classified, based on the anti-icing mechanism, into two types: namely chemical and physical ones. The former lowers the freezing point by releasing the chemicals added to the pavements. About four representative methods are available based on the type of chemical used. The latter works as follows: ice layers formed on the road surface are destroyed and removed when elastic materials placed in or on the surface of the pavements are deformed under traffic loads. There are about 10 representative methods classified according to the type of elastic materials or the method of placement. Although several methods have been proposed for the evaluation of the effects of such anti-icing pavements, no quantitative evaluation method has yet been established. Under the circumstances, the Research Group of Anti-icing Pavement tried to make a simple, quantitative evaluation method of anti-icing effects using an improved hydraulic adhesion test apparatus to measure adhesive strength of the ice. The findings of the attempt are described below: (1) Various types of anti-icing pavements can be evaluated by the same method either in a laboratory or in the field; (2) Evaluation can be carried out not only in the winter but also through the year; and (3) The evaluation method can be used for the selection of a construction method appropriate for a designated site. This paper introduces the present status of anti-icing pavements in Japan, the results of a case study in the applicability and evaluation methods as well.