A well-functioning transport system is essential for positive development of the European internal market, which in turn is to generate welfare and prosperity for the citizens of the EU. Traditionally, the construction of the infrastructure has been a matter for the individual countries which have endeavoured to optimise the system within the boundaries of the particular country. Considerations of military strategy have also led to cross-border links in the transport system being relatively few. Among the various modes of transport, this is most clear for rail traffic, not least due to the adoption of incompatible technical systems by different countries. To increase the competitiveness of international rail traffic and thus the contribution of the railway to realising the internal market, the Commission has adopted a number of railway packages. The purpose of this report is to investigate which parts of the first railway package that the Member States have opted not to incorporate, or have incorporated in a way that is doubtful when viewed in relation to the intentions of the package. It is also intended to explain the choices made by Member States and the effects that these have had on the competitiveness of the railway and its ability to serve the internal market. This report does not deal with Directive 2001/16/EC on interoperability. The report starts with a short review of the contents of the first and second railway packages and their intentions (Chapter 2). This is followed by an account of the development of rail traffic within the EU (Chapter 3). The following chapter sheds light on the main issue of implementation of the package in the Member States (Chapter 4), followed by the conclusions of the report. Link to Swedish version: http://bit.ly/1yxICSx