Surface wrinkling : the phenomenon causing bees in bitumen Laurell Lyne, Åsa ; Wallqvist, Viveca ; Rutland, Mark W ; Claesson, Per ; Birgisson, Björn
Utgivningsinformation: Berlin Springer, 2013Beskrivning: s. 6970-6976Ämnen: Onlineresurser: Abstrakt: Paper 5 i Åsa Laurell Lynes doktorsavhandling "A fundamental adhesion model for asphalt", KTH, 2014. Tidigare publicerad i Journal of Materials Science, E-ISSN 1573-4803, Vol. 48, nr 20, October 2013Abstrakt: The so called "bee phenomenon" in bitumen has been investigated by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) quantitative nanomechanical property mapping. Bees are a phenomenon that can be observed by topography measurements using AFM. The characteristic "bee" appearance comes from regions with alternating higher and lower bands in the surface topography of bitumen, which are surrounded by a flat area. The proposed mechanism for bee formation is phase separation and differential contraction during cooling from melt temperatures leading to wrinkling due to differences in the elastic modulus of the material phases. Using a laminate wrinkling model, the thickness of the bee laminate was calculated from the wavelengths and Young's moduli of the bee laminate and the matrix. It was found lo vary between 70 and 140 nm for the five bitumen samples that contained significant amounts of wax.Paper 5 i Åsa Laurell Lynes doktorsavhandling "A fundamental adhesion model for asphalt", KTH, 2014. Tidigare publicerad i Journal of Materials Science, E-ISSN 1573-4803, Vol. 48, nr 20, October 2013
The so called "bee phenomenon" in bitumen has been investigated by means of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) quantitative nanomechanical property mapping. Bees are a phenomenon that can be observed by topography measurements using AFM. The characteristic "bee" appearance comes from regions with alternating higher and lower bands in the surface topography of bitumen, which are surrounded by a flat area. The proposed mechanism for bee formation is phase separation and differential contraction during cooling from melt temperatures leading to wrinkling due to differences in the elastic modulus of the material phases. Using a laminate wrinkling model, the thickness of the bee laminate was calculated from the wavelengths and Young's moduli of the bee laminate and the matrix. It was found lo vary between 70 and 140 nm for the five bitumen samples that contained significant amounts of wax.