This work presents a life cycle assessment (LCA) of a distribution truck for urban applications, with either a diesel or otto engine using different fossil and bio-based fuels. Impact of electrification is also briefly discussed. The impact assessment is done with both CO2-eq emissions and environmental damage cost assessment (using the Environmental Priority Strategy methodology, EPS) to provide impact on different perspectives and times when it comes to sustainability evaluation. This somewhat broader perspective, compared to conventional well-to-wheel (WTW) analyses, can give better understanding of different environmental risks in technology development choices. The results confirm previous studies when it comes to CO2-eq emissions, where agricultural based biofuels show approximately 50 % CO2-eq reduction compared to fossil alternatives and waste based fuels give approximately 80 % reduction. In the EPS assessment, the production of the vehicle itself becomes important, and in particular the rare platinum group metals used in the aftertreatment catalysts. “Design for recycling” and proper recycling schemes are necessary for long-term sustainability, something that is also a concern when electrified alternatives are to be considered. In the use phase there are differences in EPS score for different fuels mainly due to the variations in CO2 emissions and fossil resources use implying that the fuels with the highest impact in the CO2- eq category also has a higher contribution from the use phase. There are, however, deviations from this pattern due to the emissions of dust particles in the processing of some of the biofuels. Dust has a high EPS score giving HVO (Hydrotreated Vegetable Oil) from palm oil and ethanol from sugar cane a higher long-term environmental cost than some of the alternatives.