AFIR is short for Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulation and is EU’s way to: 1. Ensure minimum infrastructure to support the required uptake of alternative fuel vehicles across all transport modes and in all EU Member States to meet the EU’s climate objectives; 2. Ensure full interoperability of the infrastructure; and 3. Ensure comprehensive user information and adequate payment options at alternative fuels infrastructure The upcoming revision of AFIR is important for the future of ERS and Sweden has the possibility to influence the writings. In this chapter we try to support by describing and analyzing AFIR. One notable update in AFIR compared to AFID, is the introduction of a clear definition for electric road systems. Apart from the definition, it is mostly what is in the appendix to AFIR that is interesting regarding electric road systems. For countries planning to expand infrastructure for electric road systems, the national status report is required to include information on the extent to which these goals have been achieved. The purpose of the pm is to assist the Swedish Transport Administration by providing an analysis of the AFIR process and the decision-making contexts in relevant countries. The analysis of the AFIR process begins with an overview of its background and structure and concludes with a review of potential arena for Swedish actions. The country analysis includes a general assessment of the situation, along with detailed evaluations for some relevant countries.